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Dear Readers;

The following newspaper article appeared in the Feb. 7, 1991 issue of The County Journal. I wrote it at the beginning of mining operations in Ladysmith by Kennecot Copper Corporation (a.k.a. Flambeau Mining Corporation).

Looking back from the perspective of 2019, here is the upshot of the now extinct Flambeau Mine.

The Ladysmith Mine produced $132 million in gold, $16.5 million in silver, and $400 million in copper for a total of $548 million dollars. 

James Richard Bailey

 

PRINTED BY PERMISSION OF THE COUNTY JOURNAL

 

Far from a silent spring

 

What's all the mining hoopla?

 

By James R. Bailey

This year, along with ice-out and the blooming of the trilliums, there will be a new signal that spring has arrived in northern Wisconsin.

Residents of Ladysmith will witness blasting and the rumble of mammoth dozers as excavation begins on a thirty-two acre open pit copper mine near the Flambeau River.

The final approval to begin operations was granted January 14 by David Schwarz, administrator of the State Division of Hearings and Appeals. This came after a fourteen year-long legal battle between Kennecot Copper Corporation and a coalition of local residents and environmental groups.

The announcement was big news. It was the top headline in the January 16 Milwaukee Journal, placed above the failure of U.S./Iraq last minute "peace talks."

What is all the fuss about? A few moments spent studying the ancient geology of Wisconsin may help.

Some 1.8 billion years ago this area was covered by an ocean. Up through its floor volcanic eruptions brought iron, copper, uranium, vanadium, gold, silver, and zinc, as well as trace elements of heavy metals, toxins like arsenic, cadmium and chromium.

Unfortunately, these same eruptions also brought up large amounts of sulfur. The underlying bedrock in much of northern Wisconsin is a sulfur-bearing volcanic structure.

As long as they remain underground, the sulfur, arsenic and other elements do not often enter into the water table. With the exception of cracks and seeps, sulfur pollution is not a problem.

When brought to the surface, however, sulfur combines with oxygen and water to form sulfuric acid. The acid has a great capacity to dissolve toxins and carcinogens, allowing them to find their way into the water table.

This is not startling news to anyone. The mining companies know it, and the environmentalists know it. We've all heard of acid rain, and we're well aware of its effects on the environment.

But, as the Bureau of Mines is quick to point out, we are a nation of consumers. Their statistics state that "Each year, the average American needs 40,000 pounds of new minerals. During his or her lifetime, the average newborn baby will need

  • 1,050 pounds of lead

  • 1,050 pounds of zinc

  • 1,750 pounds of copper

  • 4,550 pounds of aluminum

  • 91,000 pounds of iron/steel

  • 360,500 pounds of coal

  • over a million pounds of stone, sand, gravel, cement and clay"

Mining proponents say that all of this has to come from somewhere. In the past, much of the metallic minerals have come from third world countries where there are few environmental restrictions, and where natives will work for a fraction of the pay demanded by workers in the industrialized nations.

Things have changed. Political stability is waning in Africa, South America and elsewhere. Easily accessible deposits are being used up. Transportation costs are rising.

Equally important, world market prices are rising. The value of copper ore doubled in the late 1980s. This means that ore bodies that were too expensive to mine previously have now become worth extracting.

Northern Wisconsin is one big ore body. "The list of companies competing for a share of the area's resources reads like a Who's Who of the international mining industry: Exxon, Kennecott, Amax, Kerr-McGee, Noranda, Chevron, Amoco and Western Nuclear," according to Al Gedicks, director of the Center For Alternative Mining Development Policy. "Taken together, these companies have leased the mineral rights to more than 500,000 acres in the northern two-thirds of Wisconsin."

Gedicks also points out that the geology of the Lake Superior region is similar to Canadian and South African areas where rich uranium deposits have been mined.

Not surprisingly, Kennecott Copper is owned by Noranda, Inc. A Canadian company, Noranda ranks sixth in terms of profits in that country. They are major players in minerals, forest products, manufacturing and energy.

Noranda, the company that owns Kennecott (which, in turn, owns Flambeau Mining Company) has since the mid-1950s operated the Elliot Lake uranium mines in Ontario. They are blamed by environmentalists for poisoning a seventy-five mile stretch of the Serpent River basin.

"In the 1960s, it was recognized that environmental mistakes had been made in the rush to feed nuclear power," admits geologist Julie Anderson of Noranda Explorations, Inc. "Today, however, those mistakes would not occur and the environmental repairs have been made and continue to be made."

This may be true, but among the variances granted by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources to Kennecott is exemption from the rule requiring them to monitor baseline water quality for radioactivity.

This means that they don't have to test the water for radioactivity before they start, as required by WDNR rules. If the public can't document how radioactive the ground water was before mining operations started, they cannot prove that it has become thusly contaminated.

The mine pit itself will come within 140 feet of the Flambeau River. This also required a variance from the minimum of 300 feet specified in the rules.

All together, Kennecott requested and got six such variances from meaningful sections of DNR rules.

Yes, the mine in Ladysmith will yield copper. It is one of the richest deposits in existence. Their permit specifically allows for the mining of uranium too, despite denial of any such interest by Kennecott. The lode also contains gold, another entire topic.

The story as related here thus far is only the tip of the iceberg. Closer to home is the Round Lake vanadium/titanium deposit in Sawyer County, the largest in North America. It is owned by Union Carbide.

Then there is the zinc deposit near the Wolf River at Crandon, Wisconsin. Said by the U.S. Department of the Interior to be the richest in the world, it is owned by Exxon.

According to a Wisconsin Department of Revenue study, "there is potential over the next twenty years for development of about ten mines in northern Wisconsin . . . [and] the possibility that a smelter may be built."

We will, in forthcoming articles, recount the legal maneuverings by both sides of the dispute. We will also investigate the environmental background of the mining companies, the treaty-rights connection, the local and regional efforts to halt mining and more.

 

— 30 —

Namekagon Notebook 

  By James Richard Bailey

  

To make text larger, type Ctrl + (or use your View menu zoom control)

 

July 28, 2020

 

Misleading news about vitamins

 

I wrote this article nine years ago, when I complained about the perpetual cycle of vitamin supplement debunking every year at the start of cold and flu season.  At that time, like clockwork, the major media presented the results of a quasi-scientific study supposedly demonstrating that taking one multi-vitamin a day doesn't prevent cancer, heart attacks or Alzheimer's disease. No kidding!

But then they generalize a conclusion that there is no point in taking any vitamins at all. What they don't say is that even that measley little multi-vitamin is enough to prevent several deficiency diseases like scurvy and rickets. Scurvy is vitamin C deficiency, the first symptom of which is bleeding gums followed by loose teeth. Ask your dentist about that. Then there is folic acid, which prevents spina bifida in newborns.

Everybody knows that insufficient calcium leads to brittle bones. What they don't say is that without enough vitamin D, you can't absorb calcium. That's why it is included in all calcium supplements. Well, doesn't it make sense then that you can't properly absorb the calcium from food without the vitamin?

Don't tell me that vitamins are totally useless. And, don't tell me that you can get all the vitamins you need from an ordinary diet. Once again they trot out the "expensive urine" cliche. Here is a link to the study. Read it carefully and you'll see what I mean.

          Now, during the Covid-19 pandemic, you will notice that no mention is made in the mass media of vitamin suplementation as either a means of preventing infection by the pathogen SARS2 CV-19 or as a cure for the disease. Furthermore, in the United States, it is against federal regulations for supplement manufacturers to claim that these products prevent or treat any disease.

          At the end of the original article, I have posted links to major scientific studies in regard to prevention and treatment.             

Reprint from Oct. 19, 2011

 

They've done it again, and I just can't stand it. Last week the nightly news TV shows once more acted in concert to foist upon us a “study that suggests multivitamins may be bad for us”.

I'm used to this stuff. Every few months they trot out their running theme, reporting that efforts to bolster our health through the use of nutritional supplements are misguided, or even counter productive. It's the old “expensive urine” ploy.

This time they flaunted a study conducted at the University of Minnesota's School of Public Health in Minneapolis by postdoctoral researcher Jaakko Mursu of Finland. The 19-year effort involved questionnaire driven self-reporting of 41,836 women to determine the relationship between weight and chronic disease. As a secondary focus, the women were also questioned about diet and other lifestyle factors. It was not a study about vitamins per se.

So far, so good. Just like the population of all women, those who took supplements tended to be healthier, with less diabetes, more normal blood pressure, and less fat than women who didn't. But, here's where it gets tricky. More of the women who took supplements died during the study than those who didn't.

So the news mongers, whose TV shows are sponsored largely by pharmaceutical manufacturers and hospital conglomerates, interpreted this study as proving that multivitamins are bad for us.

Huh? How did they make that leap? They headlined their segments with bullet points such as “New study shows that multivitamins may lead to a higher rate of death in older women”, and “Vitamin use not recommended for older women”.

That's quite a leap for an interpretation of five questionnaires over 19 years. Its author at UW-Minnesota even said that “the women who took supplements were more likely to be sick from other causes, and died from their underlying disease”.

Did you get that? The study's author, Mursu, said that the research did not explore whether supplements contributed to the causes of death among the women. But that is sure how the evening network news shows made it sound.

Such limitations led some to question the significance of the findings. "I wouldn't recommend anyone change what they're doing based on this study," said Dr. David Heber, director of the UCLA Center for Human Nutrition. "It's very hard to conclude cause and effect."

What is important here is to pay attention to the spin that the brainwashing machine puts on this relatively minor study. Put it in context. I know, it's hard to see the forest for the trees, but this happens about four or five times a year where suddenly, all acting together, the major news sources come out with a big pronouncement about how nutritional supplements are a waste of time and money.

And, it's not just TV either. Take a look at some radio, newspaper, and on-line headlines:

  • Too much vitamins dangerous for women: studyWorldNews Network

  • Older Women Should Avoid Vitamins, Study FindsHuffington Post

  • Well Blog: More Evidence Against Vitamin UseNew York Times

  • Supplements Look Risky In Study of Older WomenNational Public Radio

This is how it is played in mainstream media. Anything that promotes health by way of increased nutrition is harpooned. Why? It is because this concept presupposes the idea that average, normal diets don't supply all of the nutrients we need for good health. The flip side of this is the idea that with better nutrition, we would need fewer prescription drugs and medical procedures.

When do you ever hear about trace minerals, for example? Never. You will not hear in the mainstream media about their role in health. It isn't rocket science. When vegetables and fruits are grown in natural, undepleted soil, they take up more than just nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), the common elements in fertilizer. They uptake more than 70 trace minerals like selenium, vanadium, boron, copper and so on.

What happens when crops are farmed on the same soil decade after decade with only NPK put back in the soil? The produce that we buy in grocery stores looks healthy. Great big green leaves of lettuce, huge onions and radishes, flavorful cabbages and cucumbers are all on display.

We are told by Dr. Oz and his fellow televised M.D.s that a plain old “good diet” with lots of fresh fruit and vegetables is all we need for good nutrition. Hmmm. Well, what about that?

Take a look at a bag of Science Diet dog food. It lists over five dozen trace minerals in its contents. Purina puts over 40 minerals in its lab rat feed. Every known vitamin is also included in those products. Yet there is no mention of trace minerals and vitamins as they relate to our health in any talk by the popular media about our diets.

Vitamins? Yikes! It is the old “expensive urine” argument all the way. If you take more than the government's Recommended Dietary Allowance (sometimes referred to as Recommended Daily Allowance) otherwise known as RDA, the talking heads say that you are just peeing money down the drain.

Let me relate a personal experience here. In 1973 I went on a college study trip to London, England with my fellow students in the Speech and Theater Arts program at Carthage College of Kenosha, Wisconsin. We went for a little over three weeks to attend plays, tour museums, and explore the castle and cathedral rich countryside.

The problem was that it was the year of the great London Flu Epidemic. Our trip, scheduled for January, was marred by the flu epidemic, which was so severe that the entire college was shut down before Thanksgiving of 1972, and did not re-open until nearly February.

About 30 of us flew over to London, accompanied by the Theater Department head, Dr. Tristram Shandy Holland. Pretty much everybody on the trip got very ill with the flu. Some were so bad that they were coughing up blood.

I, on the other hand, came through with flying colors. How did I do it? Well, I had recently become acquainted with nutritional therapy following a near-fatal car accident a couple of years earlier. I'd begun reading the works of biochemist Adelle Davis, author of the seminal work Let's Eat Right To Keep Fit. I took a number of bottles of vitamins with me on the trip.

Furthermore, when I became alarmed by the rampant illness among my friends, I struck out and found a local chemist's shop near our hotel. (The British call chemists what Americans refer to as pharmacists.) There I found the highest dose of vitamin C that they sold, a preparation of fizzing tablets containing 1,000 milligrams of vitamin C apiece. In America the legal limit is 500 milligrams per dose.

I took ten of them over a 24 hour period, one every couple of hours. That is ten full grams. After that I continued to take four a day. I never got even a little bit sick. Keep in mind, I was fighting the London Flu while in its epicenter.

I was also influenced by the work of Dr. Linus Pauling, the American chemist, biochemist, peace activist and author. He is one of only four people to ever win more than one Nobel Prize, and one of only two who got those honors in divergent fields: chemistry and peace prizes.

I call your attention to two of his many books. They are Vitamin C and the Common Cold, and How to Live Longer and Feel Better. The Nobel Prize winning biochemist was a firm advocate of high-dose vitamin C used orally for the promotion of everyday health, and of the intravenous use of huge amounts of vitamin C for the treatment of disease. In 1973 he founded the Institute of Orthomolecular Medicine in Menlo Park, California (later renamed the Linus Pauling Institute) to study the effects of what he called mega-nutrition. Pauling himself lived to be 93 years old. His institute is alive and well to this day.

My friends, we are entering a time when preventive health practices are finally being put to work by a sizable cohort of the population. Many fine health food stores can be found in towns large and small. Even the big box joints have a vast selection of vitamins, minerals and nutriceuticals.

Do your own research, starting with the three books I've mentioned in this column. Be forewarned, there is a lot of junk science out there that is bought and paid for by big pharma and the illness industry. They will always insist that vitamins are bad, and prescription drugs are good. Doctors will always promote expensive procedures and pills, pills, pills.

Even with my family's history of heart disease, I've never once had a doctor suggest that I take vitamins. Before my dad's open heart surgery in 1982 I tried to get him to take vitamins, but the doctors told him not to. He only lived three years after that surgery.

Meanwhile, the public perception of nutritional supplementation is fortified by corporate media as they did last week. Like the Pink Floyd song says, “All in all, it's just another brick in the wall”.

— 30 —

ADDENDA ====>>

Nutrition, immunity and Covid-19 [ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7295866/ ]

Intravenous vitamin C as adjunctive therapy for enterovirus/rhinovirus induced acute respiratory distress syndrome [ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5295174/ ]

Intravenous vitamin C for reduction of cytokines storm in acute respiratory distress syndrome                                   [ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7172861/ ]

Coronavirus Pandemic Update 83: High Fructose, Vitamin D, & Oxidtive Stress in Covid-19                                      [  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4zfWkvbBaw&feature=share&fbclid=IwAR1GCS3PCLqU8Ya6fhBv7HAyjvZf4AhesKtfyKab8rjc0MsY-ItCVB_K794   ]

 

Black Gold (Oil)  music video

 

Dedicated to the memory of Jeffrey Lynn Ames (1957-2012)

who built the computer that made this song possible

 

 

TO BUY THE Mp3

click here ==>http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/daveworld2

Black Gold (Oil) Street Mix

Beginning with the notes of an acid techno synthesizer, Black Gold (Oil) Street Mix flashes into Dave World's soaring vocals accompanied by a Mini-Moog bass line. He sings “Oil dripped out of my car, onto the ground below. Suddenly then I saw rainbows in my mind. Must be this altered state of consciousness.”

Dave World wrote the song prompted by wars in the Middle East and, most recently, by the British Petroleum oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.

He says “But, it's about much more than that. Black Gold (Oil) is a metaphor for all kinds of addictions to substances and states of mind. Human behavior is affected by addictions to many different things.”

Then there are the phases through which society and nature cycle. Something underground is extracted, brought to earth's surface, processed, used and discarded. It then goes back to the earth's surface, much more toxic than it was when sealed underground. Similarly, we humans come from dust, dance through life, and return to dust. Whole societies do the same thing.

Dave World sings “Oil, the ultimate fuel of modern man, brought us out of the stone age. Oil, the ultimate goo, brought us into the plastic age. Oil, the Black Gold of modern man: some people will kill for it.”

The psychedelic nature of Black Gold (Oil) Street Mix is true to tones and effects from back in the early days of electro and techno music. At the same time the listener is treated to some a capella verses creatively delay-looped, yet cleanly rendered. One can understand every word of this song. The medium is a message.

              “You're so black, and dirty, and greasy. I love you. Oil, I couldn't get away from you if I really tried.  And I really tried.” The love-hate nature of addiction in a nutshell.


_________

Artist Info

Dave World was born and raised in urban northern Illinois, and now resides in rural northern Wisconsin. Aside from music, his interests include ecology, communications, media analysis, social phenomena, healthy living and pets.

Who does he count among his musical influences? Arcade Fire, Laurie Anderson, Badger Singers, Muse, Donna Summer, Devo, Snap, Yoko Ono, Technotronic, Public Enemy, Sparks, LL Cool J, Dead Kennedys, John Prine, Iris DeMent, Oingo Boingo, Buffy Sainte-Marie, John Trudell, Katie Tunstall, Kanye West, Cher, Rihanna, and Green Day. Radio stations KROQ (Los Angeles), B96 - WBBM (Chicago), WOJB (Hayward, Wisconsin), and KBMX (Duluth/Superior).

Call Dave World eclectic.

 

_______________

Technical Aspects

Black Gold (Oil) was crafted in Acoustica's Mixcraft program. Two different virtual synthesizers make up the bulk of the instrument tracks. A Yamaha YPT 300 keyboard served as the MIDI controller of Mixcraft's Moog synth emulation. A separate synth program, Rubber Duck by d-lusion, is modeled after an early Roland TB-303. Its output was rendered to WAV, and the file was then inserted into a Mixcraft project track. (Rubber Duck's tiny memory footprint requires only 4 KB on disk.) The percussion track was created by combining Acoustica Beatcraft renderings and Mixcraft loops.

An Aardvark Direct Pro 24/96 was used to route signals from the Yamaha and a Shure SM 58 microphone into a PC, where the mixing and processing took place. Most notable among the VST plug-ins were Antares AutoTune Evo, BTS TremeloDelay,  and Matt's Wah Wah. Compression, limiting and chorus effects utilized Kjaerjus Audio virtual technology, all included in Mixcraft's lineup.        

Technical Links:

AARDVARK DIRECT PRO 24/96  http://www.pcrecording.com/aardvark.htm

               D-LUSION RUBBERDUCK   http://www.d-lusion.com/ProductsRubberduck.html

 

 

"Techno music defeats . . . the alienating effect

of mechanisation on the modern consciousness".


  • Mc Leod, K.,"Space oddities: aliens, futurism and meaning in popular music", Popular Music (2003) Volume 22/3. Copyright 2003 Cambridge University Press, pp. 337–355.

AllVideos Reloaded

 

Recommended Reading

 

Dave World & Jim Bailey's personal picks

 

         Chasing the Scream: The First and Last Days of the War on Drugs

         by Johann Hari

             © 2015 Bloomsbury USA ISBN-10: 1620408902  and  ISBN-13: 978-1620408902

             <http://chasingthescream.com>

 

         End Game — volumes one and two

         by Derrick Jensen

           © 2006 Pedia Press ISBN 1-58322-730X and 1-58322-724-5


        Spirit of the Ojibwe: Images of Lac Courte Oreilles Elders

          by Sara Balbin, James R. Bailey and Thelma Nauquonabe

          © 2012 Holy Cow! Press ISBN 978-0-9823545-0-6

            <www.holycowpress.org>

                                  For a review of this book from the Minneapolis Star Tribune go HERE.                             

 

        The Race For What's Left: The Global Scramble For The

           World's Last Resources by Michael T. Klare             

            © 2012 Picador ISBN 978-1-25002397-1

           <www.picadorusa.com>

 

       Vultures' Picnic: In Pursuit of Petroleum Pigs, Power Pirates,

         and High-Finance Carnivores by Greg Palast 

              © 2011 Penguin Group (USA), Inc. ISBN 978-0-525-95207-7           

          <www.penguin.com>

                     

 

        The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism

        by Naomi Klein;

          ©2007 Holt and Company  ISBN-978-0-312-42779-3;

           <www.picadoreusa.com>

 

         eaarth Making a Life on a Tough New Planet

        by Bill McKibben;

         ©2010 St. Martin's Press  ISBN-978-0-312-54119-4 <www.stmartins.com>

          For the New York Times review of this book, go HERE.

 

      Water Wars - Privatization, Pollution and Profit by Vandana Shiva;

         ©2002  South End Press - Library of Congress control # 20022100340

          <www.southendpress.org>

♦      Duluth by Gore Vidal;

         ©1983 Random House  ISBN-978-0-52738-3  <www.randomhouse.com>

 

♦      The God Particle: If The Universe is the Answer, 

        What is the Question?  by Leon Lederman;

978-0618711680

          <www.marinerbooks.com>

 


     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

To comment on this article CLICK HERE

Dave World And The God Particle:

The Conundrum Theory

By Dave World   ©2011



I first became aware of the God Particle at least fifteen years ago. It could have been 20 years ago. I do not remember if I heard of the God Particle on television or read about it in print. I said to myself, “God Particle, what do they mean, what are they saying”? So I began to read as much as I could about the God Particle. I watched anything about the God Particle that came on television. So, what is the God Particle?

 

[ for larger text type Ctrl and + ] may be done more than once

[ to reset text size type Ctrl and 0 ]

Scientists say it is possibly the smallest subatomic particle in the universe. Some say the God Particle could reveal the origins of the universe. The God Particle is called the Higgs boson, field or particle by the scientific community. It is named after Peter Higgs, an English theoretical physicist. The Higgs boson, what an exciting name, NOT! The God Particle, though, is a thought provoking and intriguing name. As far as I know, the name God Particle started in the press and caught on. Who ever came up with the name God Particle to describe the Higgs boson hit the nail on the head.

I have always had a fascination with particle physics. I grew up in Aurora, Illinois, in the 1960s and the 1970s. During that time Fermilab, which is just outside of Aurora, Illinois, was being planned and then built. When I was eleven I was in a Boy Scout troop that was one of the first groups to tour the new Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. It was a great experience that I remember all these years later. One kid in the troop had a dad who worked at Fermilab. His dad took us all around the underground rings.

Then a couple of the scientists came out and talked to the troop. They explained what was going on in the accelerator, and then took our questions. About a year later my mom took me, my sister and brothers to an opening tour of Fermilab. This was a tour for the general public to come see the new facility. Guides showed people around, took questions and served refreshments. Yes, from an early age I have always had a strong mental image of particle accelerators.

I had been thinking about the God Particle recently, when I came across an entry for a book called The God Particle. I had known about the book for a while, but had never read it. So I thought it was probably time to read it. I think that had a lot to do with the advent of the Internet. Just Google the God Particle and see what you get. What an excellent book The God Particle is. I appreciate that the author, Leon Lederman, did not treat readers like we were beneath understanding anything in physics.

In his book Lederman gives us a great history lesson on the atom. I also enjoyed reading about his career. It was very insightful. The book also used humor and metaphors, which gave it a great perspective. A Nobel Prize laureate, he is also a teacher. In The God Particle, Lederman explains physics so a layperson can comprehend the topic. This information is mostly understandable. The math equations in the book are really complicated, but I would recommend this book to anyone wanting to read about the God Particle.

So here is my theory on the Higgs boson, a.k.a. The God Particle

 

THE CONUNDRUM THEORY:

 

EVERY THING IS NOTHING

 

AND

 

NOTHING IS EVERYTHING

 

That sounds crazy, I know, but let me break it down like this. Scientists say that the universe which we know today, with billions and billions of stars and vast space, was once the size of an atom much much smaller than a hydrogen atom. They say that the big bang started our universe about fourteen billion years ago. When I say scientists, I mean astrophysicists, theorists, particle physicists, physicists, mathematicians, quantum theorists, experimenters, cosmologists, accelerator builders, and the entire world-wide physics community. The big bang theory is a widely accepted throughout the scientific community.

.

It takes a village to find the God Particle. Over the last sixty years, scientists have been able to discover smaller and smaller particles. There are hadrons, quarks and leptons, just to name a few. Now they are saying there may be an even smaller particle: the God Particle.

So, if I say everything is nothing, what I mean is absolute nothing on the subatomic scale. No trace of a particle, no signatures of a particle. There would be no chemical trace, no trace of any kind of energy or anything. Here is the conundrum. Absolute nothing within our physical universe, within the speed of light, 186,000 miles per second, becomes everything beyond the speed of light. So, for a millionth trillionth of a half second where within the speed of light meets beyond the speed of light is the God Particle. An analogy might be that the God Particle has one toe within the speed of light, and one toe over the speed of light. I know a millionth trillionth of a half second is not the real math number, but you get the idea: too fast to comprehend.

So where is the math to back this up? How do you measure absolute nothing within the speed of light, and everything beyond the speed of light? When I say everything beyond the speed of light what do I mean? Some scientists have theorized beyond the speed of light is an alternate universe. I say beyond the speed of light is opposite of our physical universe, but intrinsically linked to our physical universe. I believe the everything beyond the speed of light is a pure energy that can not necessarily be measured. It may be pure psychic energy, pure spiritual energy, God energy, soul energy. Beyond the speed of light could be all of the above or none of the above. Of course, there is absolutely no scientific proof of any of this.

My partner started reading some of this and said to me, “ I hope you know it is just semantics with all of those particle physicists”. That may be partly true, but I feel things can be learned from semantics. This is why I am including definitions and terms with this writing, to help keep me on track about the defining of the God Particle.

Conundrum theory says that because the God Particle is both within the speed of light and beyond the speed of light simultaneously, it has special properties. These properties, I believe, allow for matter to form in our universe. Let me try an analogy that has to do with building a foundation for a new home. The hole is dug for the foundation.The earth in this case represents beyond the speed of light. Next is the base which is usually six inches of washed gravel. The washed gravel represents the God Particle. Next the foundation is poured. This represents our physical universe.

So the God Particle acts as the base for which matter is formed. Of course there could not be a base if there was no ground for the base to sit on. The ground represents everything beyond the speed of light. Because of the ground under the base, the baseitself can then hold a foundation, the foundation in this case being our universe. Sound twisted enough? Because of a strong base and foundation, an entire house can be built, or an entire universe.

 

 

 

The Ancient Yin-Yang symbol

 

 

One more analogy is the yin-yang symbol. A simple line curves through a circle, separating the two halves. The two halves represent: within the speed of light and beyond the speed of light. Both completely different, but still of the same thing. The line that separates the two halves is the God Particle. In that place where the two halves meet, is both within the speed of light and beyond the speed of light. The God Particle may define the two halves and thus separate them. Without this action there would be no universe, no within the speed of light or beyond the speed of light, no nothing. How can the God Particle define the two halves? It is one in the same, meaning the God Particle is part of both halves.

Some scientists have theorized that the God Particle is part of a field called the Higgs field. To me this is an intriguing theory. Would that explain why some scientists believe that the God Particle could be pervasive throughout our universe? The God Particle may not be a particle at all. How can absolute nothing within the speed of light be a particle? Or everything beyond the speed of light be a particle? Some scientists have also referred to the God Particle as a zone, place, area, or other dimension. What is the mechanism in which the God Particle affects our universe?

When I say universe, I refer to the dictionary definition. I mean within the speed of light, beyond the speed of light, all seen and unseen matter, in short everything. This is just total speculation on my part. Could the mechanism of the God Particle be a manifestation at work? The Conundrum Theory says that the manifestation occurs when two exact opposites simultaneously are as one, which in turn creates the mechanism for the two exact opposites to exist.

Some theorists have even speculated that the God Particle could be self aware, or that there are different types of God Particles that do different things. When I think of the mechanism of the God Particle, I always end up thinking three dimensionally. Is the mechanism of the God Particle a force, energy, wave, or light? Could it be something that we as humans can not identify because it is unlike anything we have seen in the universe so far? So, where is the math to prove the existence of the Higgs boson a.k.a. the God Particle? Is it possible to prove mathematically the existence of the God Particle? Scientists do not even know for sure of the existence of the God Particle. I am one who believes that if it can be proven mathematically, then scientists are certain to try and prove it experimentally.

 

THEORIES, THEORIES, AND MORE THEORIES

 

In the world of physics there are many theories. Some of these theories are: the Big Bang Theory, the Quantum Theory, Supersymmetry, Grand Unification Theory, Superstring Theory, Unified Field Theory, Theory of Relativity, Gauge Theory, Big Crunch Theory, Chaos Theory, Wave Theory, Particle Theory Of Light, Wave Theory Of Light, Electromagnetic Theory, Photo Electric Theory, Quantum Field Theory, and Theory of Everything. Have I named enough? Yet there are many more.

I did a Google search for Paradox Theory and got 16,800,000 results. All of these theories are a good thing in my opinion. These theories keep physics moving along. I feel these theories are here to be proved or disproved scientifically, and mathematically. It is not just about proving a theory right, valuable knowledge can be learned from disproving a theory.

Besides the Theory of Relativity, I am particularly interested in Grand Unification Theory. If Grand Unification Theory was complete, humans would have a better understanding of gravity, something that affects us our entire life here on Earth. There are many theories about gravity. In Einstein's general relativity gravity is described as spacetime curvature instead of a force. Is there a opposite of gravity, and I do not mean zero gravity? I mean non-gravity. Conundrum Theory would say yes. Is there non gravity beyond the speed of light? Does the God Particle have a role in why gravity exists in the universe?

How would gravity and non-gravity have a symbiotic relationship where there would be a manifestation between the two that would create the mechanism for both to exist? Again this is just all speculation. Without hard math and scientific experimentation to prove the existence of the God Particle we can not know how it affects interactions in the universe. Today there are many more new theories that describe gravity as waves, or as particle-based. There are also theories that describe gravity as energy with gravitational field lines. Another emerging theory is the New Quantum Gravity Theory, which says split time and space to understand gravity.

 

God Particle Anatomy: yellow = within the speed of light;

blue = beyond the speed of light; green = manifestation mechanism

 

 

When I talk about psychic energy, God energy, soul energy, infinite energy, these are of an esoteric nature. How is science supposed to prove esoteric concepts with facts? I am trying to stick to the definitions of energy and force. When I look at those definitions and tie them to esoteric concepts, the scientific proof is not there. Until there is scientific experimentation and mathematics to back up esoteric concepts they remain just concepts.

Esoteric concepts are not without merit, though. If these concepts get us to open our minds to different possibilities, that is a good thing. Thinking about different possibilities can lead us to new theories. New concepts and theories come and go. Sometimes old concepts and theories are revisited with new knowledge that may support or disprove that theory or concept. This is the ebb and flow of physics.

Is the universe symmetrical, asymmetrical or non-symmetrical? The Conundrum Theory would say all three. Within the speed of light where we live is symmetrical. Beyond the speed of light is non symmetrical. Where symmetrical meets non symmetrical, the God Particle resides. Would that make the God Particle asymmetrical? If the God Particle is two complete opposites within one, then is that asymmetrical ? Some scientists have theorized that humans and life add an asymmetrical element to a symmetrical physical universe. Other scientists say they have proven through math that humans and life do not add an asymmetrical element to the universe. I say that humans and life do add an asymmetrical element to the universe. More on that when I get into the philosophy of the God Particle.

I cannot think about the Higgs boson a.k. a. God Particle without considering finite and infinite. The Conundrum theory says that the universe is both infinite and finite. Our physical universe is finite because the total amount of mass came from one source, the big bang. It is infinite because that total mass of our universe was always there, no matter whether it was the size of a subatomic particle, or of the universe we know today. Scientists have also theorized that the universe expands and contracts over many billions of years. This to me speaks of an eternal universe that is always there but just changes shape and size.

Again, is our friend, the God Particle, at work here? Boy, that God Particle must be working overtime to keep a universe this vast going. Another Conundrum Theory question is "What came first, the chicken or the egg?" Just kidding. I was wondering if you were still reading this. The question I asked myself is, “what came first, the Big Bang or the God Particle?” I say the God Particle came before the Big Bang. The God Particle, in my opinion, kicked the whole thing off. Where is the scientific proof?

 

 

God Particle points exponentially grown

 

Scientists are getting very close to seeing the very beginning of the universe. Other scientists have theorized that the God Particle did not exist in the beginning of the universe about fourteen billion years ago. Some scientists say the universe was in primordial existence, where there were no particles at all. I say that the God Particle would not have been affected by the intensity of the universe in the first moments after the Big Bang. Some scientists have theorized that the space our universe is expanding into is infinite. Did infinite space exist before the Big Bang?

 

QUESTIONS, QUESTIONS AND MORE QUESTIONS    

 

There seem at times to be endless questions about the universe we live in and the mystery of life. There are many unanswered questions about the God Particle and its role in our universe. Why are there so many opposites? Infinite and finite, strong force and weak force, with in the speed of light and beyond the speed of light, symmetrical and non symmetrical, positive and negative, gravity and non gravity. Should matter and antimatter be considered opposites? If I go by definitions, they are opposites. Anti-proton has the word opposite in its definition. Does duality theory support the existence of the Higgs boson/God Particle?

Where are the anti-particles in the universe today? Is there anti “anything” beyond the speed of light? Scientists have made great strides in understanding anti-matter in our universe. Where is the matter/anti-matter naturally occurring in the physical universe we know today? Conundrum theory would say the God Particle is why there is matter and antimatter.

Think of the God Particle as a master brake cylinder regulating the various brake functions. In this case the God Particle is a master regulator of what seem to be complete opposites in our universe. Because of this master regulating mechanism of opposites, the God Particle creates existence, without this master regulating mechanism the opposites would cancel each other out, thus no existence. How does the God Particle achieve this master regulating mechanism of opposites?

The word “manifestation” would describe what I am saying. This manifestation of opposites is the God Particle becoming one in the same with both opposites. When the God Particle is one in the same with the opposites, the manifestation occurs with the mechanism, resulting in opposites and existence itself. Why is the God Particle also referred to as the Top Quark, the “Ultimate Particle”?

Once again, I am trying to stick to dictionary definitions. Having read the definitions, I would describe the God Particle as top or ultimate. If the God Particle is top or ultimate, I surmise that the God Particle by definition has a master regulatory role of existance of the universe. Why does the Top Quark as described by physicists have so much mass? The scientists theorize the top quark's mass is rest mass. The top quark, being the God Particle, is nothing and everything at the same time. This might explain why the top quark has the mass that it does. Is the God Particle directly responsible for the size of all particles? This is one of the questions facing physicists today. If the God Particle is responsible for particles existing in the first place, would that determine their size and type? Is the God Particle the Holy Grail of quantum mechanics?


SPIRITUALITY, ESOTERIC MATTERS, RELIGION, AND

 

GOING WAY OUT ON A PHILOSOPHICAL LIMB

 

 

How can I talk about the God Particle without talking about religion? Is there something religion teaches us that we can use in our understanding the God Particle? I do not espouse any one religion. I grew up Catholic, but by the time I was a junior in high school had I stopped going to church, even though I was going to a Catholic High School.

Now I look to religions for their commonality. I learn what I can about their different beliefs. There are common themes that run through the major religions. One common belief is that of a God. Another belief shared by religions is the belief that a soul lives on after we die, or that the soul is reincarnated and lives on that way. There is also common belief in an afterlife in heaven. That we are all God's children is yet another commonality. We are made in the image of God, who created the heavens, earth and universe. God is everything. We humans and all forms of life are part of that everything. These and many more concepts are shared by Earth's religions.

When I was in the sixth grade I was an altar boy. We recited a prayer that, in part, said “We believe in one God, maker of heaven and earth”. That there is no beginning time, and no end time, this was the Catholic way of explaining infinity to humans. Other religions have the same type of prayers, done in their own ways, but still referring to the infinity of God and the universe. I see the major religions as saying that God is infinite, and so are humans.

Is the God Particle part of that infiniteness, or does it create the conditions for infiniteness? Another commonality is a creation story told not only among major religions, but also among indigenous people around the world. Native Americans have a creation story that in full form takes hours to tell. I also find that individual prayer or meditation, and group prayer are both common. A fundamental principle among religions is group worship with song. What is it about the group connecting together spiritually that has been around as long as humans?

On a personal level, let me say that I worked in home health care for twelve years. In my final years, I did end of life hospice care. It was a humbling experience, being there for clients in their last days. Many times the dying person said they saw a light. Some said they had a dream of a light. Several had asked me if I had seen a light. On one occasion I was with a client when that person passed away. I was strange to me, as if her life light had gone out. Is that life light what religions refer to as our soul? This is where I ponder the idea of how the God Particle fits in to our own personal lives.

In our physical universe there are hundreds of billions of galaxies, with hundreds of billions of stars in each one. I know, I sound like Carl Sagan now, but when I was growing up I never missed him when he was on the Tonight Show. Consider the size of our Milky Way galaxy compared to the size of the rest of our universe. It is stunningly small.

Then the size of our solar system is even much more of a speck in size, compared to the rest of the universe. The Earth is a relativly small small small speck in the vast universe. When I then consider the size of a human body compared to the size of the universe, it is the tiniest of specks. Then consider the physical size of the human brain compared to the size of the universe. Not even a dust particle compared to the size of the universe. Now consider what the size the human soul could be.

Remember, I am going out on a limb whether you believe in soul or not. Is the human soul a manifestation of a light energy? How is the God Particle involved? Despite being less than a dust particle in size compared to the size of the universe, each of us holds the entire universe within. It is sort of like “everything is nothing and nothing is everything” when I try to think about a human soul that lives, and a body that dies. Do we contain a nothing/everything element that is our soul?

Does the God particle make that possible? We seem to come from nothing. Are humans nothing in the physical sense of our soul? At the same time we are everything and hold the entire universe within us. Is our everything (soul) what lives on eternally? Is it the God Particle that makes the (everything) possible in our soul? The only way the (everything), meaning spirit, soul can exist in the physical universe is to be in a mortal body. Is the God Particle the mechanism of how our souls go from mortal physical world to spiritual eternal? If everything in our physical universe came from a subatomic particle, and that particle was the God Particle, would that mean that the God Particle is in all of us?

When I consider humans as adding an asymmetrical element to the universe, I must consider the definition of soul. If I believe in the concept of soul, is the God Particle passed on through conception? Opposites, a sperm and egg, come together in conception; but particle-wise they are symmetrical. Is it the creation of soul that is the asymmetrical element going on in a symmetrical physical universe? What better way for the God Particle to pass along in the physical universe than during sexual pleasure of human beings, moments when we are at one with the universe?

I believe that if one believes in human soul, then that is a decent argument for an asymmetrical element in the physical universe. I had a client one time that was about two weeks away from dying. He told me it felt like he had lived his life so God could see the world in a unique way. “It is as if we are God looking at God” he told me. By that time he was not scared of death, just afraid about how much he would miss his children. This client of mine also told me that, as he got sicker, he kept getting the feeling he was part of something much bigger.

After he passed away, I went to the service. It was a Traditional Native American and Catholic hybrid service. I thought, “how can they have a dual service”? As it turns out, very well. The commonality between the two is what pulled it all together. Is life somehow intrinsically linked to the God Particle? I mean much more than a link, in that the God Particle may be responsible for the physical universe. Is there a spiritual link? Of course, this is one question science will never be able to answer.

I try to think of a commonality between physics, esotericism, religion and spirit. Religion gives us explanations as to why we are alive and why we die. It also tells us of a loving God. Physics is tries to explain, down to the absolute detail, why the physical universe is the way it is. Does explaining the physical universe down to the smallest detail get us closer to “God”? I say yes. God gave humans the brain power to do just that.


 

God Particle existence prior to Big Bang is

self-fulfilling prophesy after Big Bang

 

 

An analogy might be found in the United States landing on the moon in 1969. The public saw the first pictures of earth from the moon. Was that a spiritual moment in the evolution of our species? For the first time in human history we were far enough away from our planet to get a picture of it from that perspective. We then knew the world for what it is, a beautiful, small blue- and-white ball rotating in space. I was a young boy at the time, and I had a new sense of our tiny world in a vast universe.

Will the discovery of the Higgs boson (God Particle) be a spiritual moment in the evolution of our species, like seeing a picture of the whole world for the first time? One thing is for sure, physics is bound to make amazing discoveries in the decades ahead. As the technology evolves, more and more, details will emerge as to just what the entire universe is made of. Could the Higgs boson /God Particle be the key discovery that gives humans an entire picture of the universe? Some scientists have theorized that it will never be found.

Consider Albert Einsteins Special Theory of Relativity, which says that nothing can go faster than the speed of light. Since the God Particle is both beyond the speed of light and within the speed of light simultaneously, does that mean it would be impossible to find the God Particle? Some say it would take infinite energy to go faster than the speed of light. The conundrum might be that infinite energy is just exactly what exists beyond the speed of light.

Even though there is no scientific proof of what is absolutely beyond the speed of light, science still has good theories about what is beyond the speed of light. I feel that the technology to prove those theories is just not developed enough yet. To me religion and physics are complementary. They both in their own way help us answer the eternal question of why are we here. For some people religion helps them understand their mortality, faith, and God.

As physics gains a more complete understanding of the physical universe, it may help us live better lives in that physical universe. Thanks to physics, many technological advances have happened which shaped the modern world. These advances will keep coming, as will their effects in the modern world. Some have theorized that if they find the Higgs boson/God Particle, physics and the world will be changed forever.

I do not like to use the word “find” when it comes to the God Particle. As far as I know, the God Particle is not lost. The word “discover” does not necessary work for me either. One could say human beings are trying to discover the God Particle. Do we know if there is other intelligent life out there in the vast universe? Is there an advanced civilization that has already “discovered” the God Particle?

I have always thought that if there is other intelligent life in the universe, that would be incredible. If Homo sapiens is the only intelligent life in the universe, that would also be incredible. When it comes to the God Particle, they need to observe and record it. Do you have to record the God Particle in order to observe the God Particle? Oh, semantics. You have to love it. Can't live with it, can't talk without it.

I thank Leon Lederman for his eloquently written book, and I am glad there is someone in the physics community who understands that laypeople have an interest in physics. In The God Particle the author refers to God as female in gender. I also see God as female in gender. Not that God really has any specific gender. Why is there Mother Nature, for example? Women perpetuate life. I believe that an earth and universe this beautiful could only be made by a woman. I am a layperson trying to understand the God Particle and what it means to the universe, our world and our lives. I hope you have enjoyed reading this as much as I have writing it. I leave you with some of my favorite quotes.

“Nature is my manifestation of God. I go to nature every day for inspiration in the day's work. I follow in building the principles which nature has used in its domain.”

Frank Lloyd Wright

 

“The cosmic religious experience is the strongest and noblest driving force behind scientific research.”

Albert Einstein

 

 

 

GODSPEED, GOD PARTICLE

 

 

                       Take care,  Dave World 

 

 

 

 

TERMS & DEFINITIONS

 

anti : 1 a : of the same kind but situated opposite, exerting energy in the opposite direction, or pursing an opposite policy (anticlinal b : one that is opposite in kind to (anticlimax) 2 a : opposing or hostile to in opinion, sympathy, or practice (anti-Semite) b : opposing in effect or activity

 

antimatter : matter composed of the counterparts of ordinary matter, antiprotons instead of protons, positrons instead of electrons, and antineutrons instead of neutrons


area: 1: a level piece of ground 2: surface included within a set of lines; specif : the number of unit squares equal in measure to the surface 3 : AREAWAY 4 : a particular extent of space of surface or one serving special function 5 : the scope of a concept, operation, or activity : FIELD 6 : a part of the cerebral cortex having a particular function

 

asymmetric: asymmertria lack of proportion : not symmetrical ill -proportioned

 

conjecture: 1: interpretation of omens b: supposition 2 a : inference from defective of presumptive evidence SYN CONJECTURE, SURMISE, GUESS mean to draw an inference from slight evidence insufficient for definite knowledge; SURMISE implies even slighter evidence and suggests the influence of imagination or suspicion: GUESS stresses a hitting upon a conclusion either wholly at random or from very uncertain evidence


conundrum: 1 : a riddle whose answer is or involves a pun 2 a : a question or problem having only a conjectural answer b : an intricate and difficult problem synonym: see mystery

 

cosmology   1 a : a branch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of the universe b : a theory or doctrine describing the natural order of the universe  2: a branch of astronomy that deals with the origin, structure, and space-time relationships of the universe; also : a theory dealing with these matters

 

dimension: to measure out 1: extension in one direction : one of three or four coordinates determining a position in space or space and time 2 : an element represented in an equation by a symbol that functions analogously to symbols representing the three spatial dimensions and regarded as a constituent of a geometric space b : magnitude of extension in one direction or in all directions c : the range over which or the degree to which something extends : bodily form or proportions 3 : wood or stone cut to pieces of specified size

 

energy: 1 : vitality of expression 2 : the capacity of acting 3 : power forcefully exerted 4 : the capacity for doing work

 

energy level: one of the stable states of constant energy that may be assumed by a physical system

 

epistemology :  the study or a theory of the nature and grounds of knowledge, especially with reference to its limits and validity  

 

esoteric: 1 a : designed for or understood by the specially initiated alone b : of or relating to knowledge that is restricted to a small group 2 : limited to a small circle

 

eternal 1 a : having infinite duration : EVERLASTING b : of or relating to eternity c : characterized by abiding fellowship with God 2 a : continued without intermission : PERPETUAL b : seemingly endless 3 : INFERNAL 4 : TIMELESS

 

exponential 1 : of or relating to an exponent 2 : involving a variable exponent (10x is an ~ function) 3 : expressible or approximately expressible by an exponential equation (~curve) - exponentially

 

field 1 a : an open land area free of woods and buildings b : an area of cleared enclosed land used for cultivation or pasture 2 : an area or division of an activity 3 : a set of mathematical elements that is subject to two binary operations the second of which is distributive to the first and both of which yield an element and that constitutes a commutative group under the first operation and also under the second if the zero or unit element under the first is omitted

 

finite: 1 a : having definite or definable limits b : having a limited nature or existence 2 a : having a character completely determinable in theory or in fact by enumeration, measurement, or conceptualization b : neither infinite nor infinitesimal 3 : less than an arbitrary positive integer and greater than the negative of that integer

 

force: 1 a : strength or energy exerted or brought to bear : cause of motion or change : active power b : moral mental strength 2 : an agency or influence that if applied to a free body results chiefly in an acceleration of the body and sometimes in elastic deformation and other affects 3 : a body assigned to a military purpose

 

god : the supreme or ultimate reality : as: a : the Being perfect in power, wisdom, and goodness whom people worship as creator and ruler of the universe b : the incorporeal divine Principle ruling over all as eternal Spirit : infinite mind : one controlling a particular aspect or part of reality

 

god particle: an informal name for the Higgs boson

 

infinite: 1 : subject to no limitations or external determination 2 : extending indefinitely : ENDLESS 3 : immeasurably or inconceivably great or extensive : INEXHAUSTIBLE 4 A : extending or lying beyond any preassigned value however large (number of positive numbers) b: extending to infinity plane surface c : capable of being put into one to one correspondence with a proper part of itself

 

light : 1 a : something that makes vision possible b : the sensation aroused by stimulation of the visual receptors : BRIGHTNESS c : an electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range including infrared, visible, ultraviolet, and X rays in a vacuum with a speed of about 186,281 miles per second

 

light year : a unit of length in interstellar astronomy equal to the distance that light travels in one year in a vacuum or 5,878,000,000,000 miles

 

manifest 1 : readily preceived by the senses and esp. by the sight 2 : easily understood or recognized by the mind : OBVIOUS : to make evident or certain by showing or displaying

 

manifestation 1 a : the act, process, or an instance of manifesting b : something that manifests c : one of the forms in which an individual is manifested d : an occult phenomenon 2 : a public demonstration of power and purpose


matter 1 : the substance or substances of which any physical object consists or is composed a : physical or corporeal substance in general, whether solid, liquid, or gaseous, especially as distinguished from incorporeal substance, as spirit or mind, or from qualities, actions, and the like

 

mechanism 1 a : a piece of machinery b : a process or technique for achieving a result 2 : mechanical operation or action 3 : a doctrine that holds natural processes (as of life) to be mechanically determined and capable of complete explanation by the laws of physics and chemistry 4 : the fundamental physical or chemical processes involved in or responsible for an action reaction or other natural phenomenon

 

metaphysics  1 : a division of philosophy that is concerned with the fundamental nature of reality and being and that includes ontology, cosmology, and often epistemology (2) : ontology 2 b : abstract philosophical studies : a study of what is outside objective experience

 

non : more at no, one : not : reverse of : absence of

 

ontology 1: a branch of metaphysics concerned with the nature and relations of being 2: a particular theory about the nature of being or the kinds of things that have existence


paradox 1 : a tenet contrary to received opinion 2a : a statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet is perhaps true b : a self-contradictory statement that at first seems true c : an argument that apparently derives self-contradictory conclusions by valid deduction from acceptable premises 3 : something (as a person, condition, or act) with seemingly contradictory qualities or phases – paradoxical

 

parallel 1 a : extending in the same direction, everywhere equidistant and not meeting b : everywhere equally distant ( concentric spheres are~) 2 a : having parallel sides ( a ~ reamer b : being or relating to an electrical circuit having a number of conductors in parallel 3 a : similar, analogous, or interdependent in tendency or development b : readily compared : companion c : having corresponding syntactial elements d : keeping the same distance apart in musical pitch

 

place 1 a : a way for admission or transit b ; physical environment : SPACE c : physical surroundings : ATMOSPHERE 2 a : an indefinite region or expanse : AREA b : a building or locality used for a special purpose : the three-dimensional compass of a material object 3 a : a particular region or center of population b : HOUSE, HOMESTEAD 4 : a particular part of a surface or body : SPOT 5 a : relative position in a scale or sequence : DEGREE 6 a : a proper or designated niche b : an appropriate moment or point 7 a : an available seat or accommodation b : an empty or vacated position 8 : the position of a figure in relation to others of a row or series and esp. of one occurring after a decimal point 9 a : to identify by connecting with an associated context

 

quantum mechanics : a general mathematical theory dealing with the interactions of matter and radiation in terms of observable quantities only

 

quantum theory : a branch of physical theory based on the concept of the subdivision of radiant energy into finite quanta and applied to numerous processes involving transference or trans-formation of energy in an atomic or molecular state

 

regulate 1 a : to govern or direct according to rule b : to bring under the control of law or constituted authority 2 : to reduce to order, method, or uniformity 3 : to fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of change

 

semantics 1 : the study of meanings a : the historical and psychological study and the classification of changes in the signification of words or forms viewed as factors in linguistic development b: SEMIOTICS 2 : a branch of semiotics dealing with the relations between and what they refer to and including theories of denotation, extension, naming and truth 3 a : the meaning or relationship of meanings of a sign or set of signs; connotative meaning b : the exploitation of connotation and ambiguity (as in propaganda)

 

soul 1 : the immaterial essence, animating principle, or actuating cause of an individual life 2 a : the spiritual principle embodied in human beings, all rational and spirtual beings, or the universe b : GOD 3 : a person's total self 4 a : an active or essential part b : moving spirit : LEADER 5 a : man's moral and emotional nature b : the quality that arouses emotion and sentiment c : spiritual or moral force : FERVOR 6 : person 7 : EXEMPLIFICATION, PERSONIFICATION

 

speculate 1 a : to meditate on or ponder a subject : REFLECT b : to review something idly or casually and often inconclusively 2 : to assume a business risk in hope of gain

 

spiritual 1 : of, relating to, or consisting of spirit : INCORPOREAL 2 a : of or relating to sacred matters (songs) b : ecclesiastical rather than lay or temporal (lords) 3 : spiritually akin or related (~home) (~heir) 4 a : of or relating to ghosts or similar super natural beings b : SPIRITUALISTIC

 

speed of light : the distance light can travel in a unit of time through a given substance : light travels through a vacuum 186,000 miles per second

 

surmise : to imagine or infer on slight grounds : GUESS : a thought or idea based on scanty evidence : CONJECTURE

 

symbiosis 1 : the living together in more or less intimate association or close union of two dissimilar organisms 2 : the intimate, living together of two dissimilar organisms in a mutually beneficial realtionship; MUTUALISM – symbiotic

 

symmetrical 1 : having , involving, or exhibiting symmetry 2 : having corresponding points whose connecting lines are bisected by a given point of perpendicularly bisected by a given line or plane (~curves) 3 : being such that the terms may be interchanged without altering the value, character, or truth (~equations) 4 a : capable of division by a longitudinal plane into similar halves (~plant parts) b : having the number of members in each whorl of floral leaves 5 : affecting corresponding parts simultaneously and similarly 6 : exhibiting symmetry in a structural formula : being a derivative with groups substituted symmetrically in the molecule : SYMMETRIC

 

theory 1 : the analysis of a set of facts in their relation to one another 2 : the general or abstract principles of a body of fact, a science, or an art (music ~) 3 : a plausible or scientifically acceptable general principle or body of principles offered to explain phenomena (wave~ light) 4 a : a hypothesis assumed for t;he sake of argument or investigation b : SUPPOSITION, CONJECTURE c ; a body of theorems presenting a concise systematic view of a subject (~ of equations) 5 : abstract thought : SPECULATION

 

ultimate 1 a : most remote in space or time : FARTHEST b : last in a progression : FINAL c : EVENTUAL d : EXTREME, UTMOST 2 : finally reckoned 3 a : BASIC FUNDAMENTAL b : incapable of further anaylsis, division, or separation : ELEMENTAL 4 : MAXIUM

 

universe 1 : the whole body of things and phenomena observed or postulated : COSMOS 2 a : a systematic whole held to arise by and persist through the direct intervention of divine power b : the world of human experience c : MILKY WAY GALAXY : an aggregate of stars comparable to the Milky Way galaxy 3 : a distinct field or province of thought or reality that forms a closed system or self-inclusive and independent organization 4 : POPULATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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